2016年6月27、28日，来自联合国人居署总部、亚洲人居环境协会、美国能源基金会宇恒可持续交通研究中心、上海同济大学、中国房地产业协会等机构和高校的专家，应邀来汉参加“联合国人居署中国改善城市公共空间示范项目武汉东湖绿道项目”专家组会议。

根据联合国发布的《2030年可持续发展议程》，改善公共空间将作为可持续城市化的重要指标。联合国人居署于去年启动“改善中国城市公共空间示范项目”的评选，经筛选，武汉东湖绿道成为首个入选项目。此次专家组专程到东湖进行现场调研，并与武汉市土地利用和城市空间规划研究中心的规划团队就绿道项目进行深入讨论，对东湖绿道给予高度评价。6月28日，联合国人居署亚太区办事处高级人居官员布鲁诺·德肯在启动会上宣布，东湖绿道正式入选“联合国人居署中国改善城市公共空间示范项目”。

Bruno Dercon（布鲁诺•德肯）

张光清

伍江

盛洪涛

根据专家组评审意见，认为东湖绿道采取以人为本的方法，在规划开始阶段就将公众咨询和参与纳入其中；放弃门票收入，敞开大学校园，形成真正的开放空间；禁止机动车通行，以多种低碳公共交通为主，鼓励绿色出行等。诸多理念和措施都很先进，具有示范推广价值。

专家组同时建议，保护东湖的水体和绿地刻不容缓；高峰期，东湖隧道出入口极有可能产生拥堵，后续阶段需要解决；大规模空间公共化，需要强有力的立法框架引导；为保证远期扩张和后期维护，应构建明确、清晰的可持续发展商业模式；必须考虑气候变化带来的脆弱性问题，如突发暴风雨致使疏散功能失效等。

联合国人居署驻华代表张振山表示，此次是针对东湖绿道项目的初期指导性意见和建议。明年1月，还将召开项目总结会，看是否落实。该项目获评审通过后，将作为改善城市公共空间的范例在全球范围内推广。

附：联合国人居署中国改善城市公共空间示范项目武汉东湖绿道项目专家组意见

附件：

Statement of the Expert Group Meeting on the Donghu Greenway project (Wuhan) as the pilot project for improved urban public spaces in China.

中国改善城市公共空间示范项目武汉东湖绿道项目专家组意见

In June 2016, UN-Habitat, the United Nations Human Settlements

Programme, and the Wuhan Land Use and Spatial Planning Center (WLSP)agreed to partner towards the promotion of improved urban public spaces in China. The pilot project within the 3-year collaboration is the

Donghu Greenway project. An Expert Group Meeting was convened in Wuhan on 27 and 28 June 2016, with international specialists from UN-Habitat’s headquarters and its Asia and Pacific regional office and

with national experts from Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong. The team visited Donghu (“East Lake”) area and discussed the Greenway project with WLSP planners and city officials. 

2016年6月，联合国人居署和武汉市土地利用和城市空间规划研究中心（武汉地空中心）同意作为伙伴共同促进中国城市公共空间的发展，同时将东湖绿道作为双方三年合作期的试点项目。于2016年6月27、28日举行项目专家组会议，与会的有来自联合国人居署总部和亚太地区办公室的国际专家，和来自北京、上海、香港的国内专家。专家组到东湖进行了现场调研，并与武汉地空中心的规划团队就绿道项目进行了讨论。

In 2015, UN-Habitat published a new Global Public Space Toolkit,

which provides global principles for local policies and practice for improved public spaces.Also last year, the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was approved. This agenda includes Goal 11, to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, and one of the seven targets of this goal is on improved public spaces. With this new international guidance and following its conversations with WLSP planners and city officials in the past two days, the team is providing the below initial observations and recommendations. A follow-up meeting in Wuhan will take place in

January 2017.

2015年，联合国人居署发布了新的“全球公共空间工具库”，这个工具库为地方政策和提升公共空间提供了全球标准。也是在去年，联合国通过了“2030可持续发展议程”。这个议程包括了“准则11”，旨在将城市和人们的居住环境改造成包容的、安全的、有弹性的、和可持续的空间，该准则的七项目标之一就是提升公共空间。结合新的国际导则以及过去两天与武汉地空中心规划团队的讨论结果，专家组给出了以下观察结果和建议。下一阶段的会议将于2017年1月在武汉举行。

Observations. 

观察结果

1. The Expert Team congratulates the city and WLSP for the people-oriented approach of the Donghu Greenway project, considering the very high level of public consultation and participation in the planningfrom the start. This is a genuinely innovative undertaking, creating a planning practice that can be replicated in many contemporary and future city planning processes in China, e.g. in the context of urban renewal where stakeholder consultation is fundamental. 

专家组赞同武汉市和武汉地空中心在东湖绿道项目中采取的以人为本的方法，从规划开始阶段就将高规格的公众咨询和参与纳入其中。这确实是一项创新，创造了一个在中国当代和未来城市规划过程中都能复制的规划方法。例如在城市更新过程中，对于利益相关者的咨询意见是十分重要的。

2. The team supports the bold decision of the city to make the future Donghu area a genuine urban public space, adhering to key principles: it is open, free, not-for-profit, accessible to all and inclusive.

The decision to waive access fees and fundamentally object against gated institutions are key to the future success of Donghu as an urban public space. In addition, the Donghu Greenway will be car-free and

with ample low-carbon public transportation. The team applauds the

ambition of the city to make such a large area car-free. 

专家组支持将东湖打造成真正的城市公共空间的大胆决定，坚持主要原则：开放、免费、非盈利、可达性和包容性。在放弃门票收入的同时，在根本上反对封闭性的发展，这些决定是东湖打造成未来成功的城市公共空间的关键。并且，东湖绿道将禁止机动车通行，以多种低碳公共交通为主。专家组赞同武汉将这个大规模的区域改造成机动车禁行区域的决心。

3. The team commends the planning endeavour of WLSP. It has provided a rich narrative of 7 guiding principles, which are a solid framework for the current first phase and future development. 

专家组称赞武汉地空中心为整个规划做出的努力。这个规划已经提供了丰富并且富有逻辑的七项指导原则，成为了第一阶段和未来发展的坚实框架。

4. The team also recognizes the impressive array of realistic but also pertinent planning solutions in an urban context, such as applying Transit Oriented Development, slow people oriented mobility

solutions,enhanced biodiversity, natural water purification approaches, the provision of public amenities adjusted to people’s needs and the renewal of existing settlements while adapting the informal economy towards new services.

专家组也对通过规划方式解决城市层面实际问题的途径留下了深刻的印象，比如采取公共交通为主的发展，以人为本的慢行出行解决方案，加强生物多样性，自然水体净化方案，提供满足人们需求的公共设施，以及通过非正式经济形式引导新兴服务来进行现有居民点的更新等等。

Recommendations. 

建议

The team is convinced that Wuhan had no time to lose to preserve Donghu’s water body and green areas in the context of rapid urbanizationand infrastructure development. It also commends the decision to convert the lake area now into a central urban park. This also reflects well with the fact that Donghu is the largest urban lake of China. However, given the size and centrality of Donghu in the Wuhan cluster of 9 cities with currently 30 million people, the Expert Team wishes to provide the following recommendations for a strong Donghu Strategy. 

专家组相信在快速城市化和基础设施建设的环境下，保护东湖的水体和绿地将成为武汉刻不容缓的工作。基于此，将东湖转变成中心城市公园的决定是大势所趋。东湖作为中国最大城中湖，这一改变也必将带来良好的反响。武汉是一个拥有三千万人口的“1+8”城市圈的核心，考虑到东湖的规模和其在武汉的中心位置，专家组希望为制定一个强有力的东湖战略规划提供以下建议。

1. The team appeals to move to a stronger citywide vision for the Donghu area, that elevates the Greenway project within the strategic framework of contemporary and future urban transformations. The demography of future Donghu users and Donghu area commuters is not sufficiently clear. There are multiple and increasing usage pressures to be expected, from local communities, the city’s inhabitants and people in the region. The high-speed railway station very near to the lake is

a new and very significant change not yet exploited as an asset. Moreover, the tunnel project under the lake to some extent re-emphasizes

car-dependency with likely congestion near the exits, especially

at peak days.The multi-nodal mobility planning of the Greenway

project is an excellent first step, but future phases will need to consider a broader citywide perspective. 

项目组希望东湖景区能有一个更强的城市层级的发展愿景，在当代和未来城市转型的战略框架中提升绿道项目的重要性。东湖未来的使用者和过境人员的统计并不足够清晰。将会有来自当地社区，城市居民和区域人口的多种并且持续增加的使用压力。临近东湖的高铁站是一个崭新的并且十分显著的有利改变，但是这一点还未被探讨。此外，东湖隧道项目在某种程度上再次凸显了机动车的使用，在出入口极有可能产生拥堵，特别是高峰期。绿道项目的多换乘点交通规划是非常好的第一步，但是在后续的阶段，需要进行城市层面的进行更广泛的考量。

2. Moreover, the public space strategy of Donghu should be augmented with a strategy of complementary public spaces for the entire city. A network of public spaces should fulfill the variety of needs of citizens in Wuhan. Furthermore, great cities have always many unique public spaces of various sizes throughout the city. The first phase of Donghu Greenway will create only the first few of unique places, vistas and experiences. It will take many years of planning to make those places work optimally, as both convenient and truly memorable public spaces, and to add new ones with convincing new themes and experiences.  

此外，东湖公共空间战略规划需要一个全市范围的公共空间战略规划作为补充，提供一个能够满足全市范围内市民需求的公共空间网络。而且，著名城市都有很多独特的，尺度不同的公共空间。东湖绿道的第一阶段将创造仅有的几个独特景观和体验。规划将持续多年才能使这些地点正常运作，成为实用的，能让人记住的公共空间，同时还需要增加新的项目和活动地点。

3. While commending the strong decisions to make Donghu public, the team observes that in similar contexts in most metropolitan cities, there is need for a strong legislative framework to declare large areas irrevocably public. Tourism destination areas, as is the planning status of Donghu, may include public and non-public areas. The creation

and future preservation of the contiguous public space around the lake will need further clarification and legislation. 

专家组赞赏将东湖打造成公共空间的决定，但也察觉到大多数大城市都有类似的行为，所以需要一个强有力的立法框架来引导大规模空间的公共化。东湖在规划中作为游客目的地，可能会包含公共和非公共区域。沿湖的连续公共空间的建设和后期维护需要进一步的说明和法律保障。

4. The team sympathizes with the institutional complexity of the Donghu area, as reflected by the fact that many areas have not been publicly accessible up to today. It recognizes that a Donghu-wide

management institution is now required. However, the team recommends to consider multi-level governance solutions, such as、partnerships,

development corporations and special economic zones, with the explicit intent to forge continuous consultation and collaboration between institutional and community stakeholder groups. This can also provide a consultative framework, as institutional land use changes are a common feature in central urban areas in large cities and may also occur over time in the Donghu area.  

专家组了解东湖景区制度的复杂性，并且了解到至今还有一些区域是不对外开放的。现阶段有必要设置东湖区域的管理部门。但是，专家组建议考虑多层级的管理方案，比如合作伙伴关系，开发合作和特殊经济区，表明与沿湖公共机关和社区产权持有群体之间持续进行磋商和合作的明确意图。协商同样也需要一个框架，因为机关用地性质变化在大城市的中心城区是非常常见的，这种现象同样也有可能发生在东湖周边。

5. The team suggests more clarity and transparency about a sustainable business model for the expansion and future maintenance of the Donghu area as a large public space. This requires more analysis, strategy and innovative approaches. Considering the cost of creating the Donghu Greenway, the creation of new jobs and businesses should be considered and promoted. The planned stimulation of the informal economy in the existing settlements should be factored in. University studentsshould be encouraged to incubate entreprises, for which the vicinityof the high-tech industries are an asset. Alternative uses of

water front areas for new forms of urban agriculture and urban forestry may pilot a new wave of transformational low-carbon urban economy

approaches. Such novel urban livelihoods will likely be aided by new technologies adapting to new employment needs, for instance of the elderly. 

 为了保证东湖作为一个大型公共空间的远期扩张和后期维护，专家组建议构建一个明确清晰的可持续发展的商业模式。这需要更多的分析，战略和创新的方法。考虑到建造东湖绿道的成本，需要考虑提供和促进新的工作机会和商业模式。同时规划应该考虑到对现有居住群体的非正式经济刺激。附近高新技术产业是东湖的有利条件，应该鼓励大学学生到东湖创业。将滨水区域转换成城市农业和城市林业功能可能作引起低碳城市经济模式转型的新浪潮。这种由新技术辅助的新颖的城市生活方式将产生新的就业需求，例如，老年人就业。

6. Culture and historical elements should strongly remain at the heart of this plan. We hope this project will turn to be a unique public space project. It is a long term strategy and it will help Wuhan to be more sustainable.

文化和历史元素是这个方案的核心。我们希望将这个项目打造成一个独特的公共空间项目。这是一个长期的战略，它使武汉的发展能更加可持续。

7. Finally, the ongoing and planned efforts towards environmental protection in the Donghu Greenway project stand out. Nonetheless, every metropolitan city in the world must consider vulnerability issues in the wake of climate change. The scenarios for Wuhan are not known to the team. Public space strategies, moreover, should also correlate with strong urban resiliency strategies. Heat waves can create peak demand in the Donghu Greenway areas, but without medical preparedness. Evacuation requirements in case of sudden storms may not work. Rising temperatures may render natural water purification approaches less or no longer effective. And, of course, the water levels in the Yangtze river system may change. These citywide resiliency issues should be reflected in a strong Donghu public space strategy. 

最后，东湖绿道项目正在实施和已规划部分在保护环境方面尤其突出。然而，世界上的每一个大城市都必须考虑到因为气候变化带来的脆弱性问题。但是，专家组并没有机会了解武汉关于这方面的规划方案。此外，公共空间战略，还应包含较强的城市弹性战略。高温可能会创造东湖绿道的需求高峰，但医疗准备的可能会缺乏。疏散功能可能在突发性暴风雨情况下失效。温度上升可能会使天然净水方法效果减弱或失效。当然，长江水位可能会改变。这些城市的弹性问题应该在强大的东湖公共空间战略中体现。

专家组名单：

1、Bruno Dercon（布鲁诺•德肯），联合国人居署亚太区办事处高级人居官员

2、Salvatore Fundaro（萨尔瓦多•方德罗），联合国人居署高级城市规划专家

3、伍  江，同济大学常务副校长，教授、博士生导师

4、刘兴达，亚洲人居环境协会主席，香港园境师协会原主席

5、王江燕，美国能源基金会宇恒可持续交通研究中心执行主任

6、刘滨谊，同济大学风景园林学科专业学术委员会主任、教授、博导；美国景观规划设计学会终身荣誉会员

7、周玉斌，上海同济城市规划与设计研究院副院长

8、王涌彬，中国房地产业协会副会长，北京中外建建筑设计股份有限公司董事长兼总经理，注册规划师

9、Runze Wang（王润泽），联合国人居署城市规划与设计司规划师、设计师

10、张振山，联合国人居署驻华代